After Aurangzeb killed four of Gobind Singh's sons, Gobind Singh sent Aurangzeb the Zafarnama ( Notification of Victory). His successor, Guru Gobind Singh further militarised his followers (see Khalsa). Guru Tegh Bahadur sacrificed himself to protect Hindus, after Kashmiri pandits came to him for help when the Emperor condemned them to death for failing to convert to Islam. In 1675, Aurangzeb publicly executed the ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur. Guru Tegh Bahadur became Guru in 1665 and led the Sikhs until 1675, when he sacrificed his life to save the Kashmiri Hindus who had come to him for help. In 1644, Guru Har Rai became Guru followed by Guru Har Krishan, the boy Guru in 1661.
From this point onward, the Sikhs became a military force and always had a trained fighting force to defend their independence. He carried two swords - one for Spiritual reasons and one for temporal (worldly) reasons. Guru Har Gobind, became the sixth guru of the Sikhs. In 1606, for refusing to make changes to the Guru Granth Sahib, he was tortured and killed by the Mughal rulers of the time. In 1604 he installed the Adi Granth for the first time as the Holy Book of the Sikhs.
#Sikhiwiki recluse plus#
In addition to being responsible for building the Golden Temple, he prepared the Sikh Sacred text and his personal addition of some 2,000 plus hymns in the Guru Granth Sahib. In 1581, Guru Arjan - youngest son of the fourth guru - became the Fifth Guru of the Sikhs. He is responsible for the establishment of the city of Ramdaspur later to be named Amritsar. Jetha became Guru Ram Das and vigorously undertook his duties as the new guru. Before he died in 1574 aged 95, he appointed his son-in-law Jetha as the fourth Sikh Guru. Guru Amar Das also trained 140 apostles of which 52 were women, to manage the rapid expansion of the religion. In 1567, Emperor Akbar sat with the ordinary and poor people of Punjab to have Langar. He continued to preach the principle of equality for women, the prohibition of Sati and the practise of Langar. Goindwal became an important centre for Sikhism during the Guruship of Guru Amar Das. Guru Amar Das became the third Sikh guru in 1552 at the age of 73. He continued the work started by the Founder. Bhai Lehna was named Guru Angad and became the second guru of the Sikhs. In 1538, Guru Nanak chose Lehna, his disciple as a successor to the Guruship rather than his son. He made four distinct major journeys, which are called Udasis, spanning many thousands of miles. It was during this period that Nanak was said to have met Kabir ( 1441 to 1518), a saint revered by those of different faiths. Even as a boy, Nanak was fascinated by religion, and his desire to explore the mysteries of life eventually led him to leave home. She is known as the first disciple of Guru Nanak. From early childhood, Bibi Nanki saw in her son the Light of God but she did not reveal this secret to anyone. His parents, Kalu Mehta and Matta Tripat, were Hindus of the Khatri caste. Nanak's mother was Mata Tripta and he had one older sister, Bibi Nanki. His father, Mehta Kalu was a Patwari-an accountant of land revenue in the government. Guru Nanak Dev ( 1469– 1538), considered to be the founder of Sikhism, was born in the village of Talwandi, now called Nankana Sahib, near Lahore (in what is present-day Pakistan). The Khanda, one of the most important symbols of Sikhism Some consider Sikhism to be a syncretic religion, although this is not a widespread belief held by Sikhs the Sikh Gurus maintained that their message had been revealed directly by God. Sikhism shares some similarities in philosophy with that of Bhakti movement and Sufism. Sikh philosophy is characterised by logic, comprehensiveness, and a "without frills" approach to both spiritual and material concerns. The Guru Granth Sahib is a sacred text considered by Sikhs to be their eleventh and final Guru.
The followers of Sikhism are ordained to follow the teachings of the Ten Sikh Gurus and other saints as scripted in their 1430 page holy scripture the Guru Granth Sahib.The opening sentence of the Sikh scriptures is only two words long, and reflects the base belief of all who adhere to the teachings of the religion: ੴ - Ek Onkar or "One Creator" It is one of the world's major religions with over 23 million followers. , sikhkhī), is a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of ten Gurus who lived in northern India during the 16th and 17th centuries. The Golden Temple is a sacred shrine for Sikhs